Identify a sign of dehydration in elderly patients.

Dehydration in elderly patients can manifest in several distinct signs, with dry mouth and decreased urine output being particularly indicative. As hydration levels drop, the body struggles to maintain normal functions, leading to a reduction in saliva production and resulting in a dry mouth. Similarly, the kidneys may conserve water in response to dehydration, which causes a noticeable decrease in urine output.

This combination of symptoms is important to recognize because dehydration can lead to serious complications, especially in the elderly who may already be at risk for various health issues. Increased appetite, bright and clear skin, and excessive thirst are not reliable signs of dehydration. While excessive thirst might seem relevant, it is often a response to dehydration rather than a direct sign, which is why focusing on dry mouth and decreased urine output allows for a more accurate assessment of a person's hydration status.